Integrand size = 16, antiderivative size = 118 \[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\frac {a^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{f}+\frac {\sqrt {b} (3 a+b) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}\right )}{2 f}+\frac {b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b+b \tan ^2(e+f x)}}{2 f} \]
a^(3/2)*arctan(a^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/(a+b+b*tan(f*x+e)^2)^(1/2))/f+1/2*(3*a+b )*arctanh(b^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/(a+b+b*tan(f*x+e)^2)^(1/2))*b^(1/2)/f+1/2*b*( a+b+b*tan(f*x+e)^2)^(1/2)*tan(f*x+e)/f
Result contains complex when optimal does not.
Time = 2.09 (sec) , antiderivative size = 527, normalized size of antiderivative = 4.47 \[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\frac {\sqrt {2} e^{i (e+f x)} \sqrt {4 b+a e^{-2 i (e+f x)} \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2} \cos ^3(e+f x) \left (-\frac {i b \left (-1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )}{\left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2}+\frac {2 a^{3/2} f x-i a^{3/2} \log \left (a+2 b+a e^{2 i (e+f x)}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2}\right )+i a^{3/2} \log \left (a+a e^{2 i (e+f x)}+2 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+\sqrt {a} \sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2}\right )-3 a \sqrt {b} \log \left (\frac {-2 \sqrt {b} \left (-1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right ) f+2 i \sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2} f}{b (3 a+b) \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )}\right )-b^{3/2} \log \left (\frac {-2 \sqrt {b} \left (-1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right ) f+2 i \sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2} f}{b (3 a+b) \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )}\right )}{\sqrt {4 b e^{2 i (e+f x)}+a \left (1+e^{2 i (e+f x)}\right )^2}}\right ) \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2}}{f (a+2 b+a \cos (2 e+2 f x))^{3/2}} \]
(Sqrt[2]*E^(I*(e + f*x))*Sqrt[4*b + (a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^2)/E^((2* I)*(e + f*x))]*Cos[e + f*x]^3*(((-I)*b*(-1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x))))/(1 + E^ ((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^2 + (2*a^(3/2)*f*x - I*a^(3/2)*Log[a + 2*b + a*E^((2*I) *(e + f*x)) + Sqrt[a]*Sqrt[4*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^2]] + I*a^(3/2)*Log[a + a*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + 2*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f *x)) + Sqrt[a]*Sqrt[4*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^ 2]] - 3*a*Sqrt[b]*Log[(-2*Sqrt[b]*(-1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))*f + (2*I)*Sqr t[4*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^2]*f)/(b*(3*a + b) *(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x))))] - b^(3/2)*Log[(-2*Sqrt[b]*(-1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))*f + (2*I)*Sqrt[4*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x) ))^2]*f)/(b*(3*a + b)*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x))))])/Sqrt[4*b*E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)) + a*(1 + E^((2*I)*(e + f*x)))^2])*(a + b*Sec[e + f*x]^2)^(3/2))/(f*( a + 2*b + a*Cos[2*e + 2*f*x])^(3/2))
Time = 0.27 (sec) , antiderivative size = 116, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98, number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {3042, 4616, 318, 398, 224, 219, 291, 216}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 3042 |
\(\displaystyle \int \left (a+b \sec (e+f x)^2\right )^{3/2}dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 4616 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int \frac {\left (b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b\right )^{3/2}}{\tan ^2(e+f x)+1}d\tan (e+f x)}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 318 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \int \frac {b (3 a+b) \tan ^2(e+f x)+(a+b) (2 a+b)}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 398 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (2 a^2 \int \frac {1}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)+b (3 a+b) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)\right )+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 224 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (2 a^2 \int \frac {1}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)+b (3 a+b) \int \frac {1}{1-\frac {b \tan ^2(e+f x)}{b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\frac {\tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 219 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (2 a^2 \int \frac {1}{\left (\tan ^2(e+f x)+1\right ) \sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}d\tan (e+f x)+\sqrt {b} (3 a+b) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 291 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (2 a^2 \int \frac {1}{\frac {a \tan ^2(e+f x)}{b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}+1}d\frac {\tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {b \tan ^2(e+f x)+a+b}}+\sqrt {b} (3 a+b) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 216 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\frac {1}{2} \left (2 a^{3/2} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )+\sqrt {b} (3 a+b) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \tan (e+f x)}{\sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{2} b \tan (e+f x) \sqrt {a+b \tan ^2(e+f x)+b}}{f}\) |
((2*a^(3/2)*ArcTan[(Sqrt[a]*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b + b*Tan[e + f*x]^2]] + Sqrt[b]*(3*a + b)*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[b]*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b + b*Tan[e + f*x]^2]])/2 + (b*Tan[e + f*x]*Sqrt[a + b + b*Tan[e + f*x]^2])/2)/f
3.4.98.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]))*A rcTan[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a , 0] || GtQ[b, 0])
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))* ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (Gt Q[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])
Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2], x_Symbol] :> Subst[Int[1/(1 - b*x^2), x], x, x/Sqrt[a + b*x^2]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && !GtQ[a, 0]
Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2]*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2)), x_Symbol] :> Subst [Int[1/(c - (b*c - a*d)*x^2), x], x, x/Sqrt[a + b*x^2]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2)^(q_), x_Symbol] :> Sim p[d*x*(a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)*((c + d*x^2)^(q - 1)/(b*(2*(p + q) + 1))), x] + S imp[1/(b*(2*(p + q) + 1)) Int[(a + b*x^2)^p*(c + d*x^2)^(q - 2)*Simp[c*(b *c*(2*(p + q) + 1) - a*d) + d*(b*c*(2*(p + 2*q - 1) + 1) - a*d*(2*(q - 1) + 1))*x^2, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, p}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && G tQ[q, 1] && NeQ[2*(p + q) + 1, 0] && !IGtQ[p, 1] && IntBinomialQ[a, b, c, d, 2, p, q, x]
Int[((e_) + (f_.)*(x_)^2)/(((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)*Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2]) , x_Symbol] :> Simp[f/b Int[1/Sqrt[c + d*x^2], x], x] + Simp[(b*e - a*f)/ b Int[1/((a + b*x^2)*Sqrt[c + d*x^2]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f} , x]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*sec[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{ff = FreeFactors[Tan[e + f*x], x]}, Simp[ff/f Subst[Int[(a + b + b*ff^2*x^2)^p /(1 + ff^2*x^2), x], x, Tan[e + f*x]/ff], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, e, f, p}, x] && NeQ[a + b, 0] && NeQ[p, -1]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(708\) vs. \(2(100)=200\).
Time = 8.03 (sec) , antiderivative size = 709, normalized size of antiderivative = 6.01
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\left (a +b \sec \left (f x +e \right )^{2}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \left (\cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} b^{\frac {5}{2}} \ln \left (\frac {-4 \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \sqrt {b}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a -4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 a -4 b}{\sin \left (f x +e \right )-1}\right ) \sqrt {-a}+\cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} b^{\frac {5}{2}} \ln \left (-\frac {4 \left (-\sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \sqrt {b}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+\sin \left (f x +e \right ) a -\sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}+a +b \right )}{\sin \left (f x +e \right )+1}\right ) \sqrt {-a}+3 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} b^{\frac {3}{2}} \ln \left (\frac {-4 \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \sqrt {b}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a -4 \sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 a -4 b}{\sin \left (f x +e \right )-1}\right ) \sqrt {-a}\, a +3 \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} b^{\frac {3}{2}} \ln \left (-\frac {4 \left (-\sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \sqrt {b}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+\sin \left (f x +e \right ) a -\sqrt {b}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}+a +b \right )}{\sin \left (f x +e \right )+1}\right ) \sqrt {-a}\, a +2 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2} \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \sqrt {-a}\, b^{2}+4 \ln \left (4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \cos \left (f x +e \right )+4 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}-4 \sin \left (f x +e \right ) a \right ) \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{3} a^{2} b +2 \sqrt {-a}\, \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, b^{2} \cos \left (f x +e \right ) \sin \left (f x +e \right )\right )}{4 f \sqrt {-a}\, b \sqrt {\frac {b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}}{\left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )^{2}}}\, \left (b +a \cos \left (f x +e \right )^{2}\right ) \left (1+\cos \left (f x +e \right )\right )}\) | \(709\) |
1/4/f/(-a)^(1/2)/b*(a+b*sec(f*x+e)^2)^(3/2)/((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x +e))^2)^(1/2)/(b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))*(cos(f*x+e)^3*b^(5/2)*ln(4 *(-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*b^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+sin(f*x+ e)*a-b^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-a-b)/(sin(f*x+e)- 1))*(-a)^(1/2)+cos(f*x+e)^3*b^(5/2)*ln(-4*(-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x +e))^2)^(1/2)*b^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+sin(f*x+e)*a-b^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/ (1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)+a+b)/(sin(f*x+e)+1))*(-a)^(1/2)+3*cos(f*x+e)^3*b^( 3/2)*ln(4*(-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*b^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e) +sin(f*x+e)*a-b^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-a-b)/(si n(f*x+e)-1))*(-a)^(1/2)*a+3*cos(f*x+e)^3*b^(3/2)*ln(-4*(-((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^ 2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*b^(1/2)*cos(f*x+e)+sin(f*x+e)*a-b^(1/2)*((b+a*c os(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)+a+b)/(sin(f*x+e)+1))*(-a)^(1/2)*a+2*s in(f*x+e)*cos(f*x+e)^2*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*(-a)^(1 /2)*b^2+4*ln(4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)*cos( f*x+e)+4*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2)^(1/2)-4*sin(f*x+ e)*a)*cos(f*x+e)^3*a^2*b+2*(-a)^(1/2)*((b+a*cos(f*x+e)^2)/(1+cos(f*x+e))^2 )^(1/2)*b^2*cos(f*x+e)*sin(f*x+e))
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 288 vs. \(2 (100) = 200\).
Time = 0.62 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1457, normalized size of antiderivative = 12.35 \[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
[1/8*(sqrt(-a)*a*cos(f*x + e)*log(128*a^4*cos(f*x + e)^8 - 256*(a^4 - a^3* b)*cos(f*x + e)^6 + 32*(5*a^4 - 14*a^3*b + 5*a^2*b^2)*cos(f*x + e)^4 + a^4 - 28*a^3*b + 70*a^2*b^2 - 28*a*b^3 + b^4 - 32*(a^4 - 7*a^3*b + 7*a^2*b^2 - a*b^3)*cos(f*x + e)^2 - 8*(16*a^3*cos(f*x + e)^7 - 24*(a^3 - a^2*b)*cos( f*x + e)^5 + 2*(5*a^3 - 14*a^2*b + 5*a*b^2)*cos(f*x + e)^3 - (a^3 - 7*a^2* b + 7*a*b^2 - b^3)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-a)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos( f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e)) + (3*a + b)*sqrt(b)*cos(f*x + e)*log(((a^2 - 6*a *b + b^2)*cos(f*x + e)^4 + 8*(a*b - b^2)*cos(f*x + e)^2 + 4*((a - b)*cos(f *x + e)^3 + 2*b*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(b)*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e) + 8*b^2)/cos(f*x + e)^4) + 4*b*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e))/(f*cos(f*x + e)), 1/8*(2*(3*a + b)*sqr t(-b)*arctan(-1/2*((a - b)*cos(f*x + e)^3 + 2*b*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-b)*sqr t((a*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)/((a*b*cos(f*x + e)^2 + b^2)*sin(f *x + e)))*cos(f*x + e) + sqrt(-a)*a*cos(f*x + e)*log(128*a^4*cos(f*x + e)^ 8 - 256*(a^4 - a^3*b)*cos(f*x + e)^6 + 32*(5*a^4 - 14*a^3*b + 5*a^2*b^2)*c os(f*x + e)^4 + a^4 - 28*a^3*b + 70*a^2*b^2 - 28*a*b^3 + b^4 - 32*(a^4 - 7 *a^3*b + 7*a^2*b^2 - a*b^3)*cos(f*x + e)^2 - 8*(16*a^3*cos(f*x + e)^7 - 24 *(a^3 - a^2*b)*cos(f*x + e)^5 + 2*(5*a^3 - 14*a^2*b + 5*a*b^2)*cos(f*x + e )^3 - (a^3 - 7*a^2*b + 7*a*b^2 - b^3)*cos(f*x + e))*sqrt(-a)*sqrt((a*cos(f *x + e)^2 + b)/cos(f*x + e)^2)*sin(f*x + e)) + 4*b*sqrt((a*cos(f*x + e)...
\[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\int \left (a + b \sec ^{2}{\left (e + f x \right )}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}}\, dx \]
\[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\int { {\left (b \sec \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} \,d x } \]
\[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\int { {\left (b \sec \left (f x + e\right )^{2} + a\right )}^{\frac {3}{2}} \,d x } \]
Timed out. \[ \int \left (a+b \sec ^2(e+f x)\right )^{3/2} \, dx=\int {\left (a+\frac {b}{{\cos \left (e+f\,x\right )}^2}\right )}^{3/2} \,d x \]